Wow!!! That is a super nice can! Not easy to find in that size and especially hard to find in some great condition! It truely is an amazing find!
In regards to Ampols take over of a foreign company, it wasn't actually a take over (unlike Golden Fleece a bit over a decade earlier) the two companies merged and after a while the decision was made to use Caltex branding over Ampol. After that Chevron owned 50% of shares, and Australian shareholders owned the other 50%. However in 2015 Chevron sold its shares to Australian share holders, making Caltex Australia an Australian company! At least thats what I think has happened
Caltex Australia has established an arm in Singapore, but because Caltex Singapore is still owned by Chevron they needed to use another name and logo.
This is what they came up with.